 |
Common Name
(in English)
|
Scientific name
|
Notes: |
1. |
Horse Mushroom |
Agaricus arvensis |
Well-known mushroom; white cap ages to dull/faded yellow approx 6-10cm diameter, gills pale pink to brown; edible. |
2. |
Field Mushroom |
Agaricus campestris |
Flattened white cap up to 10cm wide, gills change from pink to chocolate brown with age; common & widespread; edible. |
3. |
Yellow Stainer |
Agaricus xanthodermus |
Initially bright white becoming orange-brown with age; gills change from grey to pink to brown; common & widespread; poisonous. |
4. |
Orange Peel Fungus |
Aleuria aurantia |
Bright orange colour that fade over time; common & widespread; edible. |
5. |
False Deathcap |
Amanita citrina |
Colour white to off-white e.g. shades of yellow incl. 'lemon yellow'; flesh smells of raw potatoes; inedible. |
6. |
Tawny Grisette |
Amanita fulva |
Dull tawny-brown cap up to 8cm in diameter, pale stem; common & widespread; edible only after being cooked in the right way. |
7. |
Fly Agaric |
Amanita muscaria |
Red cap with white spots - the classic "toadstool" seen in childrens' stories; common; highly poisonous. |
8. |
Panthercap |
Amanita pantherina |
Smooth rounded cap (light to dark brown), flattens with age; highly poisonous. |
9. |
Death Cap |
Amanita phalloides |
Cap colour can vary - hints of grey, yellow-green, bronze - gills and stem are white; highly poisonous; similar to 'False Deathcap'. |
10. |
The Blusher |
Amanita rubescens |
Colour may incl. shades of pink intermingled with shades of grey-brown; poisonous raw (edible if cooked appropriately - requires expertise). |
11. |
Destroying Angel |
Amanita virosa |
Bright white with egg-shaped cap that flattens with age; highly poisonous. |
12. |
Honey Fungus |
Armillaria mellea |
Common & widespread but quite difficult to identify; dense clusters occur in wooded areas incl. parks & gardens; parasitic on many broadleaf trees; edible (but can cause stomach upset). |
13. |
Bay Bolete |
Boletus badius |
Classic 'picture book' shape with large 5-15cm reddish-brown cap with rounded edges, on solid-looking cylindrical stem of 'streaked' brown-on cream appearance, white flesh, found in acid soil woodlands; edible. |
14. |
Red Cracking Bolete |
Boletus chrysenteron |
A distinguishing feature is the fine cracks that extend across the upper-surface of aging caps, revealing reddish flesh beneather the outer brownish skin of the cap, yellow pores (rather than gills), sturdy stem; widespread across Uk but not v. common; edible. |
15. |
Penny Bun |
Boletus edulis |
Grows to large sizes, brown cap approx 25cm across (sometimes described as 'bun-shaped'), typically swollen stem - paler colour than cap & with visible network of veins over its surface; common & widespread; edible. |
16. |
Suede Bolete |
Boletus subtomentosus |
Cap has suede-like texture with upper-surface colour in range yellow-brown, underside is a network of yellow pores, stem also yellowish colour; edible. |
17. |
Giant Puffball |
Calvatia gigantea |
Distictive due to its impressive size of around 50cm across, generally round and initially off-white but darkens to pale yellowy-brown with age; not very common but found throughout UK, generally at locally nutrient-rich sites e.g. near 'muck heaps' or other concentrations of aging manure; edible only when young. |
18. |
Chanterelle |
Cantharellus cibarius |
Smooth golden cap up to 12cm across with slightly depressed centre, pale apricot underside, short sturdy stem; becoming less common; edible. |
19. |
Ivory Funnel |
Clitocybe dealbata |
Typically found in open grassy areas, 4-6cm cap, main colour white but can have a cream-beige hue, gills become greyer with age; very common; highly poisonous. |
20. |
Common Funnel |
Clitocybe gibba |
Funnel-shaped cap i.e. depressed in centre, approx. 6-8cm across, typically beige with pale gills and pale tall slender stem; common & widespread; edible. |
21. |
Clouded Funnel |
Clitocybe nebularis |
Can reach relatively large sizes, cap up to about 25cm across, cap may be pale grey through to darker mid-grey or blue-grey, yellowish gills; common occurence; edible when young but sometimes causes stomach upset. |
22. |
Aniseed Funnel |
Clitocybe odora |
Unusual blue-green colour; smells of aniseed; can appear singly or in troops or rings in woodland leaf litter; common & widespread; edible. |
23. |
The Miller |
Clitopilus prunulus |
Off-white (sometimes described as 'greyish-white') cap and stem, shape of cap can vary, cap size up to 10cm across, crowded gills age from white to pinkish or pinkish-grey; may have a floury smell; common & widespread; edible. |
24. |
Butter Cap |
Collybia butyracea |
Grey-brown cap with greasy texture up to about 6cm across and darkest towards the centre;pale gills, brownish hollow stem; common; edible. |
25. |
Clustered Toughshank |
Collybia confluens |
Dense clumps of small (caps 1-3cm across) fruitbodies occur in woodland and leaf litter, pale cream-tan caps, off-white gills, slender buff-brown stems several of which may be attached together at the base; inedible. |
|
26. |
Common Inkcap |
Coprinus atramentarius |
Egg-shaped cap with brown centre and smooth ridged surfaces, hollow white stem; can be poisonous - edible with expert knowledge & preparation. |
27. |
Shaggy Inkcap |
Coprinus comatus |
Sometimes called 'Lawyer's Wig' due to the shape of its cap, the cap and white gills get darker with age; common & widespread; edible when young. |
28. |
Glistening Inkcap |
Coprinus micaceus |
Brown egg-shaped cap (darkest in the centre, appearance of 'pleats' extending downwards) up to 4cm across, long silvery stems; often found in large clumps or clusters; common & widespread; inedible. |
29. |
Deadly Webcap |
Cortinarius rubellus |
Found in pine woods with acidic soil; 3-7cm cap in rust brown - red colour; rare in parts UK but common in warmer parts of Europe; highly poisonous. |
30. |
Horn of Plenty |
Craterellus cornucopioides |
Also known as black chanterelle and black trumpet, shaped like a funnel or 'horn'; upper/inner surface black or dark grey, lower/outer surface a lighter shade of grey; widespread; edible. |
31. |
Beefsteak Fungus |
Fistulina hepatica |
Bracket-shaped fungus, sticky upper surface initially bright red then darkens with age, underside initially pale yellow but becomes reddish over time; more common in the south of UK than further north; edible. |
32. |
Velvet Shank |
Flammulina velutipes |
Smooth orange to orange-brown cap, smooth stem darkens towards the base, found in desnse clusters esp. on decaying wood or old trees; edible. |
33. |
Funeral Bell |
Galerina marginata |
Reddish-brown 2-5cm caps, initially convex then flatten with age, pale yellow gills, long stems whose colour is paler towards the gap than at the base; highly poisonous. |
34. |
Southern Bracket |
Ganoderma australe |
Large bracket (shape) that forms wide semi-circular shelves, dark red-brown flesh; common across UK; inedible. |
35. |
Collared Earthstar |
Geastrum triplex |
Young fruitbodies are onion, or 'bulb', shaped with a point at the top. When mature the outer-surface splits revealing a white 'inner' fruitbody with a fibrous hole at the centre; inedible. |
36. |
False Morel |
Gyromitra esculenta |
Red-brown cap that is distinctive due to being highly wrinked - sometimes described as having a 'brain-like' appearance, white stem; poisonous - contains a poison that is destroyed by cooking, which requires expert skill and knowledge. |
37. |
White Saddle |
Helvella crispa |
White-cream (white stem, pale cream cap that consists of irregular lobes that give it a rather 'ragged' appearance; common & widespread; poisonous. |
38. |
Wood Hedgehog |
Hydnum repandum |
Large cap up to 15cm wide has an irregular shape, underside covered with small white spines approx 5-6mm long, smoothish stem; common & widespread; edible. |
39. |
Golden Waxcap |
Hygrocybe chlorophana |
Yellowish cap with waxy surface (slimy when wet), stem also yellow; relatively common; edible. |
40. |
Scarlet Waxcap |
Hygrocybe coccinea |
Bright red cap with greasy surface, red gills have a yellow tinge and occasionally are completely yellow; occurs singly or in scattered groups; common & widespread; edible. |
41. |
Blackening Waxcap |
Hygrocybe conica |
Occurs singly or in small groups, can have a range of colours and changes in colour as it ages - regardless of initial colour it gradually darkens until black as age progresses or after 'picking'; poisonous. |
42. |
Parrot Waxcap |
Hygrocybe psittacina |
Small (up to 4cm) bell-shaped slimy cap which can occur in various bright colours incl. e.g. green, orange, yellow, pink; stem is also slimy; inedible. |
43. |
Sulphur Tuft |
Hypholoma fasciculare |
Yellow capsabout 7cm across and darker in centre, yellow fibrous stem, yellow-green gills age to purplish-black; common & widespread; poisonous. |
44. |
Deadly Fibrecap |
Inocybe erubescens |
Ivory-white rounded cap about 3-6cm across; buff gills age to deep brown, solid cylindrical stem; highly poisonous - due to the toxin muscarine. |
45. |
Sheathed Woodtuft |
Kuehneromyces mutabilis |
Grows in clumps, small caps 2-6cm across, cap, gills and stem shades of brown-yellow; edible - but v. similar to funeral bell (which is poisonous). |
46. |
Amethyst Deceiver |
Laccaria amethystina |
Distinctive violet colour whose 2-5cm cap is dry, slender fibrous stems; particulary pretty woodland fungus; common; edible. |
47. |
Deceiver |
Laccaria laccata |
Small rounded orange-pinkish cap approx 2-4cm across, slender fibrous stems; common; edible. |
48. |
False Saffron Milkcap |
Lactarius deterrimus |
Salmon-orange cap gills and stem, cap up to 12cm across becomes green with age or bruising; grows in rings or troops; common & widespread; edible. |
49. |
Oakbug Milkcap |
Lactarius quietus |
Grows at the base of oak trees; brown in colour with slightly depressed cap, smooth stem often darker colour than the cap; identified by its oily scent and the concentric bands on its cap; inedible - edibility disputed. |
50. |
Chicken of the Woods |
Laetiporus sulphureus |
Bright yellow, forms tiers (layers) of fine yet dense fan-shaped brackets; common; said to be edible when young but can cause stomach upsets. |
51. |
Brown Birch Bolete |
Leccinum scabrum |
Large cap can reach up to about 20cm across, smooth brown cap (sticky when wet), cream cylindrical stem with dark scales; common & widespread; edible. |
|
52. |
Stinking Dapperling |
Lepiota cristata |
Small 2-4cm wide white cap with brown scales, white to cream gills, white stem dull-brown at base; common & widespread; poisonous. |
53. |
Wood Blewit |
Lepista nuda |
Occurs in large groups or circles e.g. in woods, parks, gardens; colours vary - cap can be grey-brown through to shades of violet or lavender, gills bluish lilac then pinker with age, fleshy stem initially similar in colour to gills then browner with age; edible. |
54. |
Common Puffball |
Lycoperdon perlatum |
White when young, surface covered with distinctive tiny conical spines; common & widespread; edible only when young and white throughout. |
55. |
Stump Puffball |
Lycoperdon pyriforme |
Grows in dense clusters on rotting wood; small fruitbodies 2-3cm with smooth surface, cream-buff colour when young; common; edible only when young. |
56. |
Parasol |
Macrolepiota procera |
Well-known species; large pale cream ('off-white') cap 10-30cm wide, white-cream gills, tall stem with large double ring; common & widespread; edible. |
57. |
Fairy Ring Champignon |
Marasmius oreades |
Small 2-5cm caps on tough dry stems, typically pale cream or buff in colour but darker when wet; common; edible. |
58. |
Giant Polypore |
Meripilus giganteus |
Massive teirs of soft fan-like brackets, brown on upper surfaces, shades of pale yellow-cream beneath; occurs at ground-level, typically near tree stumps; common & widespread; inedible. |
59. |
Morel |
Morchella esculenta |
Sponge-like cap 5-12cm across ranges in colour from bright yellow to reddish-brown, hollow stem, common & widespread; edible when cooked appropriately. |
60. |
Common Bonnet |
Mycena galericulata |
Grows in clusters, grey-brown cap 1-6cm across, tough stem and tough pale grey gills; common & widespread; inedible. |
61. |
Clustered Bonnet |
Mycena inclinata |
Grows in dense clusters or clumps - mainly on dead wood but occasionally at the base of standing trees; fine narrow pretty structures including longish stems and delicate bell-shaped caps; inedible. |
62. |
Porcelain Fungus |
Oudemansiella mucida |
Slimy white cap thought to look like glistening porcelain, narrow ring at the top of the stem not far beneath the cap; common & widespread; edible. |
63. |
Brown Rollrim |
Paxillus involutus |
Broad yellow-brown cap approx. 5-15cm across - depressed in centre, yellowish gills, brown stem; common; poisonous. |
64. |
Stinkhorn |
Phallus impudicus |
Phallic shape when mature - consists of cylindrical white stem and fruitbody cap coated with a green mass of spores; exudes strong odour; very common; edible only in 'egg stage'. |
65. |
Jelly Rot |
Phlebia tremellosa |
Fruiting body 3-10cm across, irregular shape, pale yellow-orange to pinkish undersides, very wrinkled and pocketed; inedible. |
66. |
Shaggy Scalycap |
Pholiota squarrosa |
Dense dark brown scales on a pale yellow cap and stem, cap up to about 15cm across, yellow gills darken with age; common & widespread; inedible. |
67. |
Birch Polypore |
Piptoporus betulinus |
Emerges from birch trunk as brownish ball then forms a large bracket up to approx 25cm across, brown upper surface, pale soft flesh on beneath; host specific - can cause death of the tree; inedible. |
68. |
Oak Polypore |
Piptoporus quercinus |
Yellow colour, only fruits on oak trees, mainly old ones in parks and woods in the midlands and southern England; rare - protected in UK. Similar to birch polypore. |
69. |
Oyster Mushroom |
Pleurotus ostreatus |
Grows in clumps, often on the side of standing trees; common & widespread in nature, also grown commercially for food; edible. |
70. |
Deer Shield |
Pluteus cervinus |
Found on dead wood incl. in parks & gardens, pale to brown cap, short stem, sometimes has a radish-like smell; common & widespread; edible. |
|
71. |
Dryad's Saddle |
Polyporus squamosus |
Fruit body 8-30cm across & up to 10cm thick, yellow-brown colour with scales on upper surfaces, pale undersides; common & widespread. |
72. |
Charcoal Burner |
Russula cyanoxantha |
Large smooth dry cap 5-15cm across, various dark shades on skin of cap incl. purple, lavender, greens, white-cream gills and stem; common; edible. |
73. |
The Sickener |
Russula emetica |
Distinctive due to scarlet-red cap up to 10cm across, tall cylindrical white stem, pale gills; common & widespread; poisonous. |
74. |
Ochre Brittlegill |
Russula ochroleuca |
Greenish-yellow dry matt cap 5-12cm across, pale to greyish-white gills, whitish stem; odourless, common; edible but not noted for appealing taste & texture. |
75. |
Common Earthball |
Scleroderma citrinum |
Ball-shaped with very scaly off-white to yellow surface; common; said to smell of old rubber; poisonous. |
76. |
Ringed-blue Roundhead |
Stropharia aeruginosa |
Slimy blue-green domed cap up to 6cm across, gills initially pale grey then purplish-grey, purlpish-brown or brown, distinctive white or very pale edge around dark gills; inedible. Noted for change in appearance as it ages. |
77. |
Slippery Jack |
Suillus luteus |
Slimy convex cap, off-white stem with large ring towards the top of the stem; common; edible with expert preparation - cap skin may be poisonous. |
78. |
Yellow Brain |
Tremella mesenterica |
Also called golden jelly fungus, the yellow trembler, and witches' butter, bright yellow, forms irregular wrinkled fruit bodies - distinctive & q.pretty; edible. |
79. |
Yellow Knight |
Tricholoma equestre |
Also called man on horseback, orange-yellow or even bronze-coloured cap approx. 3-12cm across, yellow fibrous stem; occurs singly or in troops on wood or forest floor - typically near conifers; rare; edible. |
80. |
Candlesnuff Fungus |
Xylaria hypoxylon |
Small and found throughout the year; not one of the prettier fungi - typically black base with powdery white tips (no cap); common & widespread; inedible. |
